晉太宗宣武帝實錄5
陳牧:今淮北略定,然李零肆虐彭城,先生有何良策?
蕭凡:臣以為,李零非有大志,但聚眾為亂耳,今急之則屯聚為寇,緩之則自散,散而擊之,無不克矣。
陳牧:先生之言是也,寡人謹受教。
chenmu:Today,thenorthoftheHuaiRiverisbasicallycalm,ButLiZerodisturbedPengCheng,Sir,whatagoodidea?
xiaofan:Idon‘tthinkLiZerohasbigambitionsbutjustordinaryrebellions,Ifthereisarushtobesiege,theywillgathertoresist,Ifyouslowdownmilitaryoperations,theywillbechaoticandscattered,Atthistime,ifyouattackthemagain,youwilldefinitelysucceed。
chenmu:Sirisright,Irespectfullyacceptyourteachings。
陳牧:《禮》雲,避尊者諱,自寡人君臨以來,天下皆避吾諱,甚為不便,傷我赤子之心,為之奈何?先生教我。
蕭凡:臣以為,前古帝王,亦不生諱其名,惟近代諸帝,妄為節制,特令生避其諱,理非通允,宜有改張,今宜依據禮典,務從簡約,仰效先哲,垂法將來,其官號人名,及公私文籍,不須避諱。
陳牧:先生之言是也,寡人受教矣。
chenmu:Intheliturgy,itisnecessarytoavoidthenameoftheelder,SinceIcametopower,thewholeworldhasavoidedmyname,Thisisveryinconvenientandmakesthepeoplesad,Whattodo?Sirtaughtme。
xiaofan:Ithinkthatinthepastkingsdidnotasktoavoidtheirnames,Itwasonlyinmoderntimesthatsomekingsbegantoletthepeopleavoidtheirnames,Itisunreasonablethatsomethingshouldchange,Itshouldnowbesimplifiedaccordingtothecodeofetiquetteasbefore,Namesingovernmentofficialsandofficialbooksalsodonotneedtobeevaded,Andusethisasamodelforfuturegenerations。
chenmu:Sirisright,Iacceptyourteachings。
陳牧:寡人慾安天下,當以何為本,先生教我。
蕭凡:臣以為,凡事皆須務本,國以人為本,人以衣食為本,凡營衣食,以不失時為本,夫不失時者,在人君簡靜乃可致耳,若兵戈屢動,土木不息,而欲不奪農時,其可得乎?
陳牧:先生之言是也,寡人謹受教。
chenmu:Iwanttosettletheworld,sowhatshouldbethefoundation,Sirtaughtme。
xiaofan:Ithinkeverythinghastobefundamental,ThestatetakesthepeopleasitsfoundationAndthepeopletakefoodandclothingasthefoundation,Accesstoclothesandfoodisbasedonfarming,Thekinghasonlysimpletranquilitysoasnottodisturbagriculturaltime,Ifawariswagedandconstructioniscarriedout,thenagriculturaltimewillbeinterrupted。
chenmu:Sirisright,Irespectfullyacceptyourteachings。
陳牧:中原士民言寡人為政如何?請先生直言。
蕭凡:臣聞其言大王用法太峻。
陳牧:今梁地初定,寡人不得不為之爾,君不見,吳起無恩而楚強,商鞅嚴刑而秦興乎?
蕭凡:臣以為,吳起喪其身,商鞅亡其家,皆殘酷之致也,大王方開建大業,景行堯、舜,猶懼不濟,乃慕起、鞅之為治,豈此中原士女所望哉?
陳牧:先生之言是也,寡人知過矣。
chenmu:HowdothepeopleoftheCentralPlainsevaluatemesinceIenteredpolitics,Pleasesirtellmebluntly。
xiaofan:Iheardthemsayyou‘reinpowertooharsh。
chenmu:NowthatLiangGuohasjustbeenpacified,Ihavetodothis,TheStateofChuandtheStateofQinbecamepowerfulbecauseoftheharshnessofthelaw,Doesn‘tsirknow?
xiaofan:Ithinkharshlawswillkillthem,Youshouldlearnfromwisekingswhenyoucreateagreatcause,NotliketheChuandQinstates,ThisisnotwhatthepeopleoftheCentralPlainswant。
chenmu:Sirwasright,Iwaswrong。
陳牧:寡人慾風化天下,先生何以教我。
蕭凡:臣以為,宜興辟雍,設庠序,陳禮樂,隆雅、頌之聲,盛揖讓之容,以風化天下,如此不治者,未之有也。
陳牧:先生之言是也,寡人受教矣。
chenmu:Iwanttoeducatetheworld,sir,isthereanythingtoteachme?
xiaofan:Ithinkschoolsshouldbesetuptoteachpeopleetiquetteandmusic,Thecustomofadvocatinghumilitymakessocietyharmonious,Onlyinthiswaycanthecountrybebettergoverned。
chenmu:Sirisright,Iacceptyourteachings。
陳牧:教化同刑法,孰為重孰為輕?先生教我。
蕭凡:臣以為,教化之於刑法,刑法輕而教化重,舍所重而急所輕,豈不謬哉,且教化所恃以為治,刑法所以助治也,今廢所恃而獨立其所助,非所以致太平也。
陳牧:先生之言是也,寡人謹受教。
chenmu:Indoctrinationandcriminallawwhichisimportant,Sirtaughtme。
xiaofan:Ithinkindoctrinationismoreimportantthancriminallaw,Isn‘titabsurdtonowattachimportancetocriminallawandignoreindoctrination,Indoctrinationistheessenceofgovernmentandcriminallawisameansofassistinggovernment,Nowadays,thereisadeviationfromthegovernment,Thisisnotthewaytobringharmonyandstabilitytothecountry。
chenmu:Sirisright,Irespectfullyacceptyourteachings。
陳牧:人有郁疾,國有乎?先生教我。
蕭凡:臣以為有之,人之五臟六腑,血脈欲其通也,若此則病無所生,國亦有郁,主德不通,民欲不達,此國之郁也,國郁處久,則百惡並起,而萬災叢至矣,故聖王之貴豪士與忠臣也,為其敢直言,而決鬱塞也。
陳牧:先生之言是也,寡人謹受教。
chenmu:Peoplewillbedepressedthenwillthecountrybedepressed?Sirtaughtme。
xiaofan:Ithinkthereissuchasituation,Ifthebloodintheinternalorgansisunobstructed,thenyouwillnotgetsick,Thesameistrueofcountries,Thefavorofthekingisnotfulfilled,andtheopinionsofthepeoplecannotbeadopted,Thenthecountrywillgetsick,Allkindsofbadthingsanddisasterswillhappen,Sowisekingsreusevirtuousandloyalmen,Becausetheytellthetruthandsolvenationalproblems。
chenmu:Sirisright,Irespectfullyacceptyourteachings。
陳牧:今寡人問鼎中夏,不可謂無功也,先生以為然否?
蕭凡:臣以為,亡國之主,必自驕,必輕物,自驕則簡士,自智則專獨,輕物則無備,無備召禍,專獨位危,簡士壅塞,欲無壅塞必禮士,欲位無危必得眾,欲無召禍必完備,三者人君之大經也,昔者楚莊王謀事而當,有大功,退朝而有憂色,今大王之勢不及楚王,而有驕矜之色,非社稷之福也。
陳牧:非先生之言,寡人幾不悟也,寡人知過矣。
chenmu:Today,Idominatetheworldanddoagreatjob,Sirthoughtso?
xiaofan:Ithinkthekingofthefallenkingdommustbeconceitedandarrogant,Conceitwilllookdownonthemeritocracyandthusdictatorship,Arroganceleadstocarelessnessanddisaster,Inthepast,thekingofChuestablishedagreatcause,Buthewasverycautiousandhadasenseofcrisis,NowyourstrengthisnotasgoodastheKingofChubutyouaresoconceited,Thisisnotagoodthingforthecountry。
chenmu:Sirisright,Ifitwasn‘tforyoutellingme,Iwouldn‘thaverealizedmymistake。
陳牧:寡人慾知,何為朴者之人臣?先生教我。
蕭凡:臣以為,朴者之為人臣,北面委質,無有二心。朝廷不敢辭賤,軍旅不敢辭難;順上之為,從主之法,虛心以待令,而無是非也。故有口不以私言,有目不以私視,而上酒之。
陳牧:先生之言是也,寡人受教矣。
chenmu:Iwonderwhatasimpleministerlookslike?Sirtaughtme。
xiaofan:Ithink,TheSimpleministersareloyaltothecountry,Hedoesnotprevaricateongovernmentmatters,Hewillnotshirkdifficultiesinmilitarytasks,Theyobeyedtheking‘sarrangementandworkedhardtoaccomplishit,Whateveritwas,theyhumblywaitedforthecommand,Theydon‘ttalknonsenseanddon‘tlookaround,Sothekingappreciatedandrewardedthem。
chenmu:Sirisright,Iacceptyou。